Carbureter.



F. L. ESSIONS.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION mu) FEB.19.19I7.

Patented Nov. 19, 1918.

FRANK L. SESSIONS, 0F LAKEWOOD, OHIO.

CARBURETER.

Application filed February 19, 1917; Serial No. 149.542.

To all whom it may concern have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carbureters, of

which the following is 'a specification.

My invention relates to carbureters such as are used in connection with internal combustion engines for mixing air and fuel before the resultant mixture enters the explo sion chambers of the engine.

It relates particularly to that class of carbureters having a fuel inlet and a primary air inlet of fixed orifice.

The object of my invention is to provide means for varying the relative quantities of fuel and air in order to obtain the best, or desired proportions of fuel and air in the resultant mixture to suit the varying; demands of the engine to which the carbureter is connected. For this purpose I have devised newand improved means for varying the relative amounts of fuel and air drawn into the carbureter and have further provided means for delicately adjusting and operating the controlling valves as will be apparent from the following specifications and the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side view partly in elevation and partly in section of a carbureter embodying my improvements;

Fig. 2 is a cross section on line ll-ll of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a cross section on line III-Jill of Fig. 1.

nects the mixing chamber, 4, with the engine manifold passage, 7. 8

gine manifold to which secured byvbolts, 9, 9.

Connecting the outer end of the venturi represents the enthe carburetor is with-the exterior atmosphere is the air passage, 10, having an opening to the atmosphere at 11. Located in this air passage, 10,

is an air inlet valve, 12.

Between the air inlet valve, 12, and the lpeclfication of Letters Patent.

engine.

hate-rated N ov.

venturi, 2, there branches from the air passage. 10, an air lay-pass, 13. through which the flow of air is controlled by a valve, 1

The fuel nozzle, 3, is connected by a suitable fuel duct, 15. to the fuel supply chamber, 16-, which is connected to the fuel supply tank by the pipe. 17. A float, 16, is opwatively connected to a float valve, not shown, which controls the admission of fuel to the fuel supply chamber. The cover, 16*, of the fuel supply chamber, 16, may be provided with a small air vent hole, 16. A regulating and cut-off valve, 18, controls the flow of fuel from the fuel supply chamber, 1(i.-to the nozzle, 1

A secondary air inlet is conventionally shown at 19. It is controlled by the cus tomary inwardly opening valve, 20, which is held closedby the adjustable spring, 20.

is, rare, 7

This valve may be used in connection with my invention if desired, or, it may be omitted entirely; or. the tension of its spring may be adjusted so that the val e will open only when extreme depressions are created within the carburetor by the sliction of the Without reference to the particular means which I ha ve shown for opera ting the valves 12 and 14, but assuming that both of these valves are provided with means for opera ing them either simultaneously or independently, it will be seen that when valve, 14:, is completely closed, my carhureter will operate as any other carburetor which has a fixed air orifice and fixed fuel orifice. The valve, 12, maybe used to clinch the How of air and thereby increase the relative amount of fuel which will be drawn out of the fuel. orifice. 3. by the suction created by the engine.

if, now, with -av given opening ofthe valve.

12, the valv 14. be' opened slightly, a por-- tion of the air which enters past the valve, 12. will be drawn through Dy-pass, 13. The difference of pressure which existed between the mixing. chamber. 4, and the air passage, 10. will be reduced upon the opening of valve 14, and there will consequentlv be a difi'erent proportion of fuel and air drawn through the orifice, 2. By varying the relative openings of the valves, 12 and 14. it will be seen that any desired proportion of air wail of the air passage, 10, and projects through at one end, 22, where it has operar vi ly fixed upon it the lever, The valve,

E4, is operatively secured to the shaft, 24, which has bearings inthe wall of the air by-pass, 13, and has adjustably secured to it .thelever, 26, by means of the set screw, 26. The shaft, 24, has one end, 24, extended to form a means for holding the valve, 14, in any desired position while the lever, 26, is being adjusted relatively there to. Pivoted to the lever, 23, by the pin, 27, is the lever, 28, one end of which is connected to the lever, 26, bv the connecting rod, 29. The arm of lever, 28, which is connected by pin, 30, to connecting rod, 29, is

the same length as the distance between the centers of shaft, 21, and pin, 27, so that when lever, 28, is in alinement with'lever, 23, shaft, 21, and pin, 30, are concentric with each other, and the simultaneous and similar movement of levers, 23 and 28 will produce no movement of lever, 26. If, however, lever, 28, be revolved about its fulcrum pin, 27, into, for instance, the dotted position, 23 (Fig. 1), valve, 14, will be opened by reason of the displacement of the lever, 26, into its position,'26 as shown by dotted lines. If the lever, 28, be placed in such a revolved position as is shown at 28,-and it'be locked to the lever, 23, and

ment with each other, may be made any amount desired, or, entirely closed.

Lever, 28, is provided with a curved arm,

28, in which there is formed a curved slot.

28, concentric with fulcrum pin, 27. A clamp screw, 28, threaded into lever, 23, is

\ provided for the purpdse of locking lever,

28, in any angular position relative to lever, 23, that is desired.

For operating levers, and 28. I connect to them. the rods, 31 and 32 respectively, and

these rods are in turn connected in any suitable manner to operating levers, 33 and 3", whn-h may be mounted in any place within ment withthe bracket, 36, by means of the screw, 37, nuts, 38 and 39, and washer, 40. Lever, 34, is frictionally secured to lever, 33, by means of the knurled head screw, 41. Rods, 31 and 32 are shown pivotall v connected to levers, 33 and 34, respectively, by clevises, 42 and 43, and screws, 44 and 45. At 34, lever 34 is shown in -dotted lines in a position corresponding to the position 28 of lever, 28.

Should a fixed opening of valve, 14, be desired, the lever, 26, may be secured to shaft, 24, at the proper angle to valve, 14, to give the desired opening when lever, 28, is in alinement with lever, 23, and levers, 23 and 28, may be locked together by screw, 28 after which the valve, 14, will not be moved by the operation of lever, 23, as the pin, 30,

and shaft, 21, will be concentric. When such an arrangement is to be permanent, the connectlons between levers, 28 and 34, may be dispensed with. It is evident that the same or any other permanent arrangement of valve, 14, may be secured by first setting it and lever, 28, in the desired positions and then locking lever, 34, to lever, 33, by means of the clamping screw, 41. i

It will be understood that any other means for operatingvalves, 12 and 14, either simultaneously or independently, may be provided without departing from the scope of my invention. It will be further understood that the relative proportions of the levers herein shown, and the means by which they are operatively connected to the main and bypass air inlet valves may be altered. in any manner found convenient or desirable without departing from the scope of the invention.

In order to further controh the flow of fuel from nozzle, 3, Which flow is dependent upon the difference of pressure between that in V enturi tube, 2, and that in fuel supply chamber, 16, I provide a fuel pressure regulating tube. or connection 46, connecting the fuel supply chamber, above the level of the fuel, with the air passage, 10. the passage through tube, 46, is the fuel pressure regulating valve, 47, the stem, 43,

of which has secured to it the lever, 49, by

set. screw, 50. Connecting-rod, 51, operativelyjoins levers, 49 and 28, as shown in Figs. land Rod, 51, is shown in dotted lines at 511, the position it would assume when lever. 28, is in the position shown by dotted lines at 28. It will be observed that with the particular arrangement here shown lever, 4 andconsequently valve-4T. has

not been appreciably moved by the movement of lever, 28, to the dotted position, 28.

It will be also observed that if lever, 28, be locked to lever, 23, in the position shown at 28, valve, 47, will be actuated by any movement of lever, 23. This arrangement provides for the opening of valve, 14. in

ad 'ance of the opening of valve. 4-7. The

" riation in the proportions of air and fuel which are drawn into the mixing chamber. lVhen valve, 47, is open the pressure upon the top of the fuel in the fuel supply chant her will be the same as that in the air chamber. 10. and the difference in pressure between that in the venturi. :2, at nozzle, 3, and that in the fuel supply chamber, 16, will be less than the difference between that in the venturi. 2, and theouter atmosphere.

by-an amount equal to the dilferenee in pressure between that in air. chamber. 10.

at a point where tube, 46. enters it and the outer atmosphere. This latter. the difference in pressure between that in air chamber, 10, at a point where tube, 46. enters it and the outer atmosphere, is dependent upon the opening of valve. 12, and the resistance to the passage of air from the outer atmos phere to the point in chamber, 10,. where tube, 46 enters it. lt will be evident that when the engine is running and valve. 47. is open, less fuel will flow through nozzle. 27 than when valve. 47, is shut. The small air vent-hole. 16. ermits the return ofany angular relation to valve, 47. so thatthe valve will open and close. in any desired relation to the movement of valves. 12 and 14, or either of them. Vhile, I have shown only one manner of interconnecting the valve ofthe fuel pressure regulating tube and the main and by-pass air valves. it will be. obvious to those skilled in the art Ithatother means than those shown and described may be employed within the scope of my invention.

If desired, another lever, similar to lever, 28', may-be, pivoted on pin. 27, and the connecting-rod, 51. be pivoted to it so that the movement of valve, 47. may be effected independently of that of valve, 14.

I claim:

1. In a carbureter having a mixing chamber pr vided with a fuel inlet, a primary air inlet and a mixture inlet, said primary air inlet being connected with the outer air by an air inlet passage: a valve in said air inlet passage controlling the admission of air thereto; said mixing chamber and said air inlet passage being connected by an air bypass around said primary air inlet; a valve in said air by-pass controlling the flow of air therethrough; means for operat-- ing saidvalve in said air inlet: passage; means ftil opei'atiiig said valve in said air by-pass; and means for operating said valves simultaneously or independently.

2. In a carbureter having a mixing chamber provided with a fuel inlet,- a primary air inlet and a mixture outlet. said primary air inlet being connected with the outer air by an air inlet passage: a valve in said air inlet passage controlling the admission of air thereto; said mixing chamber and said air inletpassage being connected by an air bypass around said primary air inlet; a valve in said air by-pass controlling the flow of air therethrough; two levers connected each to operate one of said valves respectively and a third lever pivoted to one of said two levers and operatively connected to the other of said two levers, whereby, one of said valves may be operated through the movement of said third lever, and both of said .valves may be operated through the movement of that one of the two levers upon which said third lever is pivoted.

3. In a carburetor having a mixing chamber provided With a fuel inlet, a primary air inlet and a mixture outlet, said primary air inlet being connected with the outer air by an air inlet passage a valve in said air inlet passage controlling the admission of air thereto; said mixing chamber and said air inlet passage being connected by an air by-pass around said primary'air inlet; a valve in said air by-pass controlling the flow of airtherethrough; and means for operating said valves consisting of a lever operatively connected to the valve in said air inlet passage; another lever operatively connected to the valve in said air icy-pass; 'a third lever pivoted to one of said levers; means operatively connecting the other of said levers to a point on said third lever; said point on said third lever being'the same distance fronvthe pivot of said third lever as is the fulcrum of the lever to which said third lever is pivoted.

at. In a carbureterhaving a mixing chamber provided with a fuel inlet, a primary air inlet and a mixture outlet, said primary between said opening and said air inlet passage; a valve in said connecting passage; means for operating said valve in said air inlet passage; means for operating said valve in said connecting passage, and means for operating said valves simultaneously or independently.

- 5. In a carbureter having; a mixing cham- -ber provided with. a fuel inlet and an air inlet; a fuel supply chamber connected to said fuel inlet; a fuel pressure regulating connection between the fuel supply chamber above the top of the fuel therein and said air inlet; an air inlet valve controlling the admission of air to said air inlet; a valve in said fuel pressure regulating connection;

- means for operating said air inlet valve;

an air inlet passage, means for controlling the admission of air to the air inlet passage, an air icy-pass around the primary air inlet orifice connecting the air inlet passage With the mixing chamber, means for controlling the flow of air through the by-pass, and means for operating said controlling means simultaneously or independently.

7 A carbureter having a fuel supply chamber, an air inlet and a fuel inlet, a fuel pressure regulatingconnection between the supply chamber and the air inlet, neans for controlling the flow of air through the air inlet, means for varying the size of the opening through the fuel pressure regulating connection and means for operating said means simultaneously or independently.

In testimony WhereofI affix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

FRANK L. SESSIONS.

Witnesses:

FRANCES K, MANN, J. H. Jnwn'rr. 

